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QAD AFLAHA MAN ZAKKAAHAA WA QAD KHAABA MAN DASSAAHAA Oleh Romly Qomaruddien, MA. Melanjutkan pembahasan hakikat tazkiyatun nafs, berikutnya kita perhatikan beberapa pandangan para ulama, di antaranya 1. Syaikh Muhammad bin Sa’ied bin Salim al-Qahthani, ketika mentahqiq kitab Tazkiyatun Nafs Ibnu Taimiyyah menjelaskan “Tidak akan bisa merasakan keagungan dan kedalaman tazkiyah imaniyah melainkan orang yang mengetahui kejahiliyahan. Karena itu, generasi awwal merupakan generasi yang paling baik ditaqdirkan mendapatkan nikmat ini dengan sebaik-baiknya. Mereka mendapatkan pemisah yang dapat menjauhkan antara iman dan kufar, antara ibadah kepada Allah dengan ibadah kepada taghut, dan antara kebebasan dalam mensucikan jiwa kepada Rabb dan kekakuan antara rabb-rabb yang menghinakan.” Al-Qahthani, 1994 hlm. 13-14 Karenanya, tazkiyatun-nufus sebagai sunnah kauniyah dan sunnah syar’iyyah yang diajarkan kepada Nabi, memiliki peranan sangat penting, karena dia sangat berpengaruh terhadap baik atau buruknya satu ummat, di samping itu tazkiyatun nufus menjadi landasan tegaknya perintah-perintah Allah azza wa jalla dalam jiwa manusia. 2. Menurut Syaikh Salim bin Id al-Hilali dalam kitab Manhajul Anbiyaa Fie Tazkiyatin Nufus menuturkan “Jika jiwa manusia dibiasakan dengan akhlaq yang mulia dan lurus, niscaya jiwa tersebut akan senang dan merasa bangga dalam mengagungkan syiar-syiar Allah azza wa jalla dan senantiasa berjalan di atas manhajNya.” Al-Hilali, 2005 hlm. 17 Sebelumnya, Ibnu Qayyim menjelaskan hal ini dalam Risaalah Fie Amraadhil Quluub 1403 hlm. 51 dengan menukil pandangan jumhur mufassirin sebagai berikut 1. Qatadah rahimahullaah berkata “Kalimat qad aflaha man zakkaahaa, memiliki pengertian barangsiapa beramai kebaikan, maka Allah akan membersihkannya disebabkan ketaatan kepadaNya”. Atau dalam kalimat lain, Qatadah menyebutkan “Sungguh bahagia orang yang mensucikan dirinya dengan amal shalih.” 2. Al-Hasan rahimahullaah berkata “Sungguh bahagia orang yang mensucikan dirinya, lalu dia berbuat kebaikan dan berjalan di atas ketaatan kepada Allah, dan sungguh merugi orang yang berbuat kerusakan dan dia berjalan di atas kemaksiatan kepada Allah.” 3. Ibnu Qutaibah rahimahullaah bertutur “Yang dimaksud orang yang bahagia karena mensucikan dirinya adalah orang yang berusaha mengembangkan dan meninggikan ketaatan kebaikan serta hal-hal kebaikan lain yang mampu dilakukan. Adapun orang yang merugi adalah orang yang mengurangi dan meringankan amalannya dengan meninggalkan bermacam kebaikan dan terjerumus dalam beragam kemaksiatan.” Terlepas perbedaan pendapat sebagian ulama, mengenai dhamir yang ada dalam kata zakkaahaa. Apakah kembali kepada Allah, berarti jumlah kalimatnya adalah Aflahat nafsun zakkaahaallaahu azza wa jalla wa khaabat nafsun dassaahaa atau kembali kepada fail aflaha, yaitu huruf man sama saja sebagai maushul atau maushuf sesungguhnya dhamir apabila kembali kepada Allah, maka jumlah kalimatnya menjadi qad aflaha man zakkaahu wa qad khaaba man dassaahu. Namun kelompok pertama berpandangan bahwa kata man jika lafazhnya mudzakkar masuk kepada mu’annats, maka boleh mengembalikan dhamirnya menjadi mu’annats karena menyesuaikan makna, demikian pula dengan lafazh mudzakkar menyesuaikan dengan lafazh mudzakkar. Kedua-duanya merupakan kalimat yang benar fashih, yaitu benar menurut ilmu fashaahah. Ibnu Qayyim, 1403 hlm. 50 Sementara itu, para pentarjih menguatkan pandangan yang pertama, dengan alasan hadits riwayat Ibnu Abi Mulaikah dari Aisyah radhiyallaahu anh yang mengatakan “Aku pernah mendatangi Rasulullah shalallaahu alaihi wa sallam di suatu malam, lalu aku mendapatkannya bahwa Rasulullaah sedang berdo’a Rabbi a’thi nafsie taqwaahaa wa zakkaahaa … Anta khairun man zakkaahaa … Anta waliyyuhaa wa maulaahaa. Do’a ini seperti tafsir ayat yang menyebutkan bahwa Allah-lah yang menjadikan diri seseorang menjadi bersih. Maka Allah disebut Muzakki dan hambaNya disebut mutazakki.” Ibnu Qayyim, 1403 hlm. 50 Demikian pula, Muhammad Uwais al-Nawawi dalam Tafsir al-Qayyim yang ditahqiq Muhammad Hamid Al-Faqi menegaskan bahwa makna qad aflaha man zakkaahaa wa qad khaaba man dassaahaa adalah “Sungguh beruntung orang yang mengagungkan dan meninggikan dengan ketaatan kepada Allah, serta menjalankannya. Dan sungguh merugi orang yang meringankan, meremehkan, serta menganggap kecil dengan melakukan kemaksiatan kepada Allah.” Uwais al-Nawawi, 2007 hlm. 397 Dari berbagai pemaparan para ulama, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hakikat tazkiyatun-nafs adalah sebuah upaya mensucikan jiwa dengan melakukan ketaatan kepada Rabbul Aalamien dan mengendalikan nafsu dari beragam kemaksiatan. Siapa yang dapat mengupayakannya berarti orang tersebut telah berhasil mentauhidkan Allah dengan cara membersihkan jiwa dan mengagungkan syari’at-Nya dengan kepatuhan dan ketundukan kepadaNya. Wallaahu a’lam bis shawwaab _______________ Penulis adalah Pengasuh Kajian Intensif di Disampaikan pada Renungan Shilaturrahiem di Kawasan Puncak Darajat Samarang Garut
Qad aflaha man zakkaha wa qad khaba man dassaha." (Sesungguhnya menanglah orang-orang yang mensucikan diri dan merugilah orang-orang yang menodainya, Qs. Al-Syams [91]:9-10) 4. Mengerjakan perbuatan-perbuatan positif: Dari satu sisi, seluruh perbuatan yang dikerjakan oleh raga manusia dikendalikan oleh ruh. Seluruh anggota badan berada di
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ 910 Bismillah hir rahman nir raheem In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. وَٱلشَّمۡسِ وَضُحَىٰهَا 911 Wash shamsi wa duhaa haa Sahih InternationalBy the sun and its brightness وَٱلۡقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَىٰهَا 912 Wal qamari izaa talaa haa Sahih InternationalAnd [by] the moon when it follows it وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا جَلَّىٰهَا 913 Wannahaari izaa jallaa haa Sahih InternationalAnd [by] the day when it displays it وَٱلَّيۡلِ إِذَا يَغۡشَىٰهَا 914 Wallaili izaa yaghshaa haa Sahih InternationalAnd [by] the night when it covers it وَٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا 915 Wassamaaa’i wa maa banaahaa Sahih InternationalAnd [by] the sky and He who constructed it وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا طَحَىٰهَا 916 Wal ardi wa maa tahaahaa Sahih InternationalAnd [by] the earth and He who spread it وَنَفۡسٖ وَمَا سَوَّىٰهَا 917 Wa nafsinw wa maa sawwaahaa Sahih InternationalAnd [by] the soul and He who proportioned it فَأَلۡهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقۡوَىٰهَا 918 Fa-alhamahaa fujoorahaa wa taqwaahaa Sahih InternationalAnd inspired it [with discernment of] its wickedness and its righteousness, قَدۡ أَفۡلَحَ مَن زَكَّىٰهَا 919 Qad aflaha man zakkaahaa Sahih InternationalHe has succeeded who purifies it, وَقَدۡ خَابَ مَن دَسَّىٰهَا Wa qad khaaba man dassaahaa Sahih InternationalAnd he has failed who instills it [with corruption]. كَذَّبَتۡ ثَمُودُ بِطَغۡوَىٰهَآ Kazzabat Samoodu bi taghwaahaaa Sahih InternationalThamud denied [their prophet] by reason of their transgression, إِذِ ٱنۢبَعَثَ أَشۡقَىٰهَا Izim ba’asa ashqaahaa Sahih InternationalWhen the most wretched of them was sent forth. فَقَالَ لَهُمۡ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَسُقۡيَٰهَا Faqaala lahum Rasoolul laahi naaqatal laahi wa suqiyaahaa Sahih InternationalAnd the messenger of Allah [Salih] said to them, “[Do not harm] the she-camel of Allah or [prevent her from] her drink.” فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمۡدَمَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ رَبُّهُم بِذَنۢبِهِمۡ فَسَوَّىٰهَا Fakazzaboohu fa’aqaroohaa fadamdama alaihim Rabbuhum bizambihim fasaw waahaa Sahih InternationalBut they denied him and hamstrung her. So their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin and made it equal [upon all of them]. وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقۡبَٰهَا Wa laa yakhaafu’uqbaahaa Sahih InternationalAnd He does not fear the consequence thereof.
KajianIslam Ilmiah th 2009 Kitab Ighosatul Lahafan (Membongkar Berbagai Makar dan Jerat-jerat Setan serta Pertolongan bagi yang Membutuhkan untuk Menghadapinya) karya ulama besar Ibnul Qayyim Al Jauziyah Rahimahullah - dibahas oleh Al Ustadz Muhammad bin Umar As Sewed hafidzahullah - Tahun 2009 M
قَدۡ أَفۡلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّىٰ Qad aflaha man tazakkaa English Translation Here you can read various translations of verse 14 He has certainly succeeded who purifies himself Yusuf AliBut those will prosper who purify themselves, Abul Ala MaududiHe who purified himself shall prosper, Muhsin KhanIndeed whosoever purifies himself by avoiding polytheism and accepting Islamic Monotheism shall achieve success, PickthallHe is successful who groweth, Dr. GhaliHe has already prospered who has cleansed himself. Abdel HaleemProsperous are those who purify themselves, Muhammad Junagarhiبیشک اس نے فلاح پالی جو پاک ہوگیا Quran 87 Verse 14 Explanation For those looking for commentary to help with the understanding of Surah Ala ayat 14, we’ve provided two Tafseer works below. The first is the tafseer of Abul Ala Maududi, the second is of Ibn Kathir. Ala-Maududi 8714 He who purified himself shall prosper,[13] 13. Who purified himself Who affirmed the faith giving up disbelief and polytheism, adopted good morals giving up evil morals, and performed good deeds giving up evil deeds. Success does not imply worldly prosperity, but true and real success whether worldly prosperity accompanies it or not. For explanation, see Surah Younus, ayat 17, Surah Al-Mominoon, ayat 56; Surah Luqman, ayat 5. Ibn-Kathir 14. Indeed whosoever purifies himself shall achieve success. 15. And remembers the Name of his Lord, and performs Salah. 16. Rather you prefer the life of this world. 17. Although the Hereafter is better and more lasting. 18. Verily, this is in the former Scriptures 19. The Scriptures of Ibrahim and Musa. A Statement concerning the People of Success Allah says, ﴿قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّى ﴾ Indeed whosoever purifies himself shall achieve success. meaning, he purifies himself from despised characteristics and he follows what Allah has revealed to the Messenger . ﴿وَذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى ﴾ And remembers the Name of his Lord, and performs Salah. meaning, he establishes the prayer in its appointed time, seeking the pleasure of Allah, obedience to His command, and implementation of His Law. We have already reported from the Commander of the believers, `Umar bin `Abdul-`Aziz, that he used to command the people to give the Sadaqat Al-Fitr, and he would recite this Ayah ﴿قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّى – وَذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى ﴾ Indeed whosoever purifies himself shall achieve success. And remembers the Name of his Lord, and performs Salah. Abu Al-Ahwas said, “If someone comes to any of you begging, and he wants to pray, then he should give charity Zakah before he prays. For verily, Allah the Exalted says, ﴿قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّى – وَذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى ﴾ Indeed whosoever purifies himself shall achieve success. And remembers the Name of his Lord, and performs Salah.” Qatadah said concerning this Ayah, ﴿قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّى – وَذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى ﴾ Indeed whosoever purifies himself shall achieve success. And remembers the Name of his Lord, and performs Salah Fasalla. “He purifies his wealth and pleases his Creator.” This World is Worthless in Comparison to the Hereafter Then Allah says, ﴿بَلْ تُؤْثِرُونَ الْحَيَوةَ الدُّنْيَا ﴾ Rather you prefer the life of this world. meaning, `you give it precedence over the matter of the Hereafter, and you prefer it because of what it contains of usefulness and benefit for you in livelihood, and your returns income, profitable gain.’ ﴿وَالاٌّخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى ﴾ Although the Hereafter is better and more lasting. meaning, the reward of the final abode is better than the worldly life, and it is more lasting. For indeed, this worldly life is lowly and temporal, whereas the Hereafter is noble and eternal. Thus, how can an intelligent person prefer that which is short-lived over that which is eternal. How can he give importance to that which will soon pass away from him, while ignoring the importance of the abode of eternity and infinity. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Musa Al-Ash`ari that the Messenger of Allah said, مَنْ أَحَبَّ دُنْيَاهُ أَضَرَّ بِآخِرَتِهِ، وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ آخِرَتَهُ أَضَرَّ بِدُنْيَاهُ، فَآثِرُوا مَا يَبْقَى عَلَى مَا يَفْنَى» Whoever loves his worldly life, will suffer in his Hereafter, and whoever loves his worldly life, will suffer in his Hereafter, and whoever loves his Hereafter, will suffer in his worldly life. Therefore, chose that which is everlasting over that which is temporal. Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith. The Scriptures of Ibrahim and Musa Allah then says, ﴿إِنَّ هَـذَا لَفِى الصُّحُفِ الاٍّولَى – صُحُفِ إِبْرَهِيمَ وَمُوسَى ﴾ Verily, this is in the former Scriptures — the Scriptures of Ibrahim and Musa. This Ayah is similar to Allah’s statement in Surat An-Najm, ﴿أَمْ لَمْ يُنَبَّأْ بِمَا فِى صُحُفِ مُوسَى – وَإِبْرَهِيمَ الَّذِى وَفَّى – أَلاَّ تَزِرُ وَزِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى – وَأَن لَّيْسَ لِلإِنسَـنِ إِلاَّ مَا سَعَى – وَأَنَّ سَعْيَهُ سَوْفَ يُرَى – ثُمَّ يُجْزَاهُ الْجَزَآءَ الأَوْفَى – وَأَنَّ إِلَى رَبِّكَ الْمُنتَهَى ﴾ Or is he not informed with what is in the Scriptures of Musa. And of Ibrahim who fulfilled or conveyed all that Allah ordered him to do or convey that no burdened person with sins shall bear the burden sins of another. And that man can have nothing but what he does. And that his deeds will be seen. Then he will be recompensed with a full and the best recompense. And that to your Lord is the End Return of everything. 5336-42 And so forth, until the end of these Ayat. Abu `Aliyah said, “The story of this Surah is in the earlier Scriptures.” Ibn Jarir preferred the view that the meaning of Allah’s statement, ﴿إِنَّ هَذَآ﴾ Verily, this is referring to His previous statement, ﴿قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّى – وَذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى – بَلْ تُؤْثِرُونَ الْحَيَوةَ الدُّنْيَا – وَالاٌّخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى ﴾ Indeed whosoever purifies himself shall achieve success. And remembers the Name of his Lord, and offers Salah. Rather you prefer the life of this world. Although the Hereafter is better and more lasting. Then Allah says, ﴿إِنَّ هَذَآ﴾ Verily, this meaning, the content of this discussion, ﴿إِنَّ هَـذَا لَفِى الصُّحُفِ الاٍّولَى – صُحُفِ إِبْرَهِيمَ وَمُوسَى ﴾ in the former Scriptures, the Scriptures of Ibrahim and Musa. This view that he At-Tabari has chosen is good and strong. Similar to it has been reported from Qatadah and Ibn Zayd. And Allah knows best. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-A`la Sabbih. All praise and blessings are due to Allah, and He is the Giver of success and protection from error. Quick navigation links

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fujûrahâwa taqwâhâ (8) qad 'aflaha man zakkâhâ (9) waqad hâba man dassâhâ (10). Au nom d'Allah le Miséricordieux le Très Miséricordieux. Je jure par le soleil et ses feux, (1) par la lune qui lui succède, (2) par le jour qui éclaire le monde, (3) par la nuit qui l'obscurit, (4) par le ciel et 509 Bismi-L-Lâhi-r-Rahmâni-r

Artinya "Firman Allah SWT: "qad aflaha man zakkaha", maksudnya: "Sungguh beruntung prang yang disucikan dirinya oleh Allah SWT, karena ia akan terjauhkan dari sifat kufur dan ma'shiyat, dan terhiasi dengan amal-amal yang shalih." (Tafsir al-Thabary:

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